Outdoor electrical safety

The modern city street is oversaturated with all kinds of electrical networks, such as sunflower seeds. It is enough to look around to notice walking around the city, high-voltage power transmission towers, tram and trolley wires hanging in the streets, lamp wires snaking along the walls of an electric ladder, "aerial", thrown from roof to roof. How many cables buried in the ground underfoot — we can only guess.
In general, we can say that the higher or deeper the wire, the more dangerous it is. (that's why they raise it on high poles or hide it in multi-meter trenches). Usually networks of 220 volts and less often are close to a person (as a rule, in production) at 380 volts.
Unlike many others, a person can not detect the danger of electricity, since there is no color, no smell, no sound, that is, sight, hearing, smell, taste do not work in this case. Fifth sense — touch — is not recommended to use as it can cost a life.Not if you don't consider yourself a light bulb, stick your finger in the wires to check if they're plugged in.
And one more axiom Electrical safety: any wire or device known to Think Energy!
Moreover, even a "dead" wire is better to fear, even if it depends on you. touched two dozen people. What if the moment you took it in your hands, someone turned on the switch a few hundred meters away! Known cases in which it turned out that the "laundry" connected to the drain pipe powered as a result of the contact of the pipe with an interrupted electrical network.
Similarly, fire escapes leading to the roof can be energized, the roof itself, metal parts of the building. And if you stand on the ground or on electrically conductive supports, a person touches them, he will get electric injuries.
Fatalities due to accidental contact with equipment are very common transformer cubicles, switchboards and industrial electrical equipment.
Deadly pleasure - climb high-voltage power lines, play under overhead lines (OHL) and arrange near them camps, bivouacs and parking lots, set fire under overhead lines, break insulators on supports; throw wires and other objects onto the wires; run under the air lines of kites; climb the roofs of houses and buildings where electrical wires are nearby; go to switchboards and other electrical premises, use defective electrical appliances, use questionable wear, etc.
It is extremely dangerous to touch or even approach broken wires hanging or lying on the ground.Electrical injuries can occur even several meters away. from the conductor due to the step voltage.

The earth, as a conductor of electric current, becomes a continuation of a broken wire. Electricityit spreads on the soil and gradually disappears nothing, it can pose a threat to a person who approaches closer than it 6-8 meters.
It is enough to take a step inside this invisible circle, so that due to the difference in electric potentials under the right and left feet, you get electric injuries. Thus, the wider the step, the greater the potential difference, the more severe the defeat. By the way, with the help of such an artificially created step voltage, they protect many secret objects.
I myself in the army observed the remains of animals that had inadvertently stepped into the forbidden zone, guarded by invisible and merciless creatures electricity… So they don't have the bad habit of wandering around protected objects, shouting “Stop! Who's going? » you may not hear.
I can't help but mention the cases when people died from touching electric wires not close to themselves and to random conductive objects coming from them. For example, for wet ropes caught in wires. Or to the stream of water flowing through a bare wire.
Or to a stream of water flowing on a wire, for example, flowing from a person. Don't smile, death is not so rare when a bystander who decides to relieve a small need somewhere secluded gets this current on the wire and dies of electrical injury.
For example, I will give a case that happened at Kanash station.A teenager, crossing the railway line on a footbridge, jammed a cassette into the player. Not wanting to delay the repair at home, the boy began manually rewinding tape right on the bridge. One end of it jumped out of his hands and touched a contact wire, the voltage of which is 27 thousand volts! As a result, as a result of an electrical injury, the boy lost both his hands.
Now a few final words about the actions to be taken in the event of an electric shock. With an electric shock of up to 380 V, a person due to a convulsive muscle contraction firmly grasps an object with energy and independently cannot get free. Very quickly the person loses consciousness and continues to remain energetic, you die. From here, first of all for the salvation of the victim, it is necessary to open the electrical circuit of which he became a part.
It is unacceptable to try to pull a person away from the power source! it will only lead to the fact that instead of one injured by an electric shock, two, and as the next one approaches, three, and so on ad infinitum.
The simplest solution is to open the circuit with a switch, circuit breaker or plug connector, unscrew plugs or disconnect the circuit breaker shield. If this is not possible, cut or break the wire. one vein at a time using forceps, scissors, or another instrument that has a handle of insulating material.
In extreme cases, you can cut it with an ax, shovel, etc. assistant tool after wrapping the handle with a dry cloth, rubber or other non-conductive material.
If it is impossible to disconnect, follow with a long dry stick, after wrapping it with dielectric material, remove the wire, disconnect the victim, or push it away from the power source, or pull the victim towards you, grasping the clothes and not touching the exposed parts of the body.
On wet ground and in wet rooms it is advisable to isolate yourself from the ground by wearing rubber boots, galoshes or any non-conductive electrical material under the feet next to dry clothes removed from yourself.
Remember that if you rush, not only will you miss out on helping the victim, but you yourself will suffer. Better to spend a few extra seconds of preparation and be guaranteed to save someone than to win a moment and lose it, and maybe your life.
If you yourself are under stress, then you should try by all means to break away from the "stuck" wire to a deliberate fall from a height of several meters. Life is more important than possible bruises and even fractures. In addition, it can be recommended to break the electrical circuit, jump up and at the moment of separation from the ground, throw away the living object. You can also help a stranger by shouting loudly: «Jump!» If he hasn't passed out yet, he can hear you.
With step tension, you should move in small steps that do not exceed a leg length. Or jumping, tightly squeezing both legs together. They say foreign spies manage to jump to the most secret objects in this way. Usually at a distance of 20 - 30 meters from the fallen wire step voltage now safe.
But…
It is considered that at a voltage above 1 kV, the listed safety measures are insufficient and require the intervention of specialist electricians. But you cannot know what 1kV is in that wire. So it's best not to take any chances. I have in view of the life of the victim, do not take any chances. While observing all safety measures, still try to help him!
After removing the victim from the danger zone, you must immediately provide him with first aid, including artificial respiration and chest compressions.
Not every electric shock, even exceeding 380 V, is fatal. The life of the victim directly depends on how quickly and expertly you help him. Why you should be able to do artificial respiration and chest compressions… It should be able to! If you don't want to lose your loved ones by stepping on a random wire.
To avoid electric shock outdoors, DO NOT:
Walk on the ground holding electrical appliances connected to the grid. Walking barefoot on wet ground is especially dangerous.
Tie the clotheslines to the downspouts below the power lines.
Work with radio and television antennas installed on the roof near power lines.
Use garden tools where power lines are near trees.
Remove the sliders, kites and other tangled parts from the power line. for wire elements.
Perform construction and other work under power lines.
Enter the switchboard and other electrical rooms.
Grab the broken wires hanging and lying on the ground.