The main stages of cable production

The cable manufacturing process can be divided into several main stages. Let's look at them in more detail, using the example of VVG power cables, which are very common today, consisting of copper wires, as well as their insulation and a general PVC-plastic sheath.

The first stage is the primary processing of a copper wire rod - the raw material from which the conductive base of the cables is made. Rope is a rough blank from which the wire is made. To perform this operation, special drawing machines are used, which are often combined in complexes, and the process itself, accordingly, is called drawing.

The production of stranded copper wires of VVG cables is carried out on twisting machines, where the so-called thread (a set consisting of several thin wires) is twisted into the so-called thread-part, from which the cable will subsequently be produced. Note that the twist of the thread can be left or right.

From a special technological container, the strands are fed to the extrusion line — a set of equipment designed to apply insulating sheaths to the conducting cores of VVG cables. The main raw material used at this stage of production is polyvinyl chloride plastic in granules. This material is a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and a number of additives (plasticizers, fillers, stabilizers), which is obtained by polymerization.

The central part of the extrusion line is the extruder: in this device the granules of the plastic compound are melted and the softened plastic is squeezed through the annular gap. In this way, a shell is formed, which is superimposed on the core.

A cooling bath is located behind the extruder head, into which the cores of the future cable enter after they are insulated. This bath, filled with tap water, has a considerable length, due to which the insulated wire can cool to 60-70 ° C at a standard insulation laying rate.

Lowering the temperature to the set values ​​before carrying out the following technological steps is necessary to prevent deformation of the insulation shell.

In the production of multi-core VVG cables, their insulated cores are twisted. To perform this operation, disc-type twisting machines are used, which are equipped with twisting mechanisms.

After hanging, the blank enters the extrusion line, where a common shell is applied to it in the manner described above.

The finished cable is fed to the winding. In performing this stage, the product passes through the quality control department, after which it is packaged and sent for sale.Nowadays, you can buy cable products in many specialized companies, in particular in OOO TD Kabel-Resurs.