Non-combustible polymeric materials

The cause of fires in the Middle Ages, for example, was always said to be the same: "accidental" and God's will.

This fire associated with God's wrath is extremely characteristic of medieval consciousness.

Medieval people had very little knowledge of the world around them, but thanks to this naivety and ignorance, their lives were full of miracles.

Today, our knowledge is sufficient to not only determine the causes of the fire, but also with the aim, if not prevention ("the will of chance" is relevant today), then at least optimize its elimination and minimize the destructive consequences and not hope of a miracle, but to create it yourself.
It is a common cause of fire short circuit power cable and its fire that spreads rapidly along the cable route.

Imagine a typical industrial plant. When the spread of fire at a temperature of 500 degrees in minutes can soften and collapse seemingly strong metal designs. And even concrete cannot withstand a temperature of 1000 degrees. When allocation …
That is, the task is to prevent the spread of the fire, if it happens it has already appeared.

The cause of the fire in the TV tower of Ostankino was the excess permissible load of feeders — cables transmitting a high-power signal from equipment to the antenna — the excessive load caused overheating and fire of internal cables. Total damage from a fire in the Ostankino TV tower is estimated at hundreds of millions of dollars, and moral damage to viewers, remaining "blind" and deprived of a daily dose of information, is almost impossible to estimate.

What can stop the spread of the fire if the fire has already occurred? A miracle? No! Non-combustible polymeric materials.

Many countries have already adopted special restrictions on the use of combustible polymeric materials in civil and industrial production, construction, production and operation of vehicles (aircraft, cars, buses, trolleybuses, trams, railway wagons, ships), power plants and electrical networks, space and cable industry. So reducing the flammability and combustibility of polymers, creating refractory materials is an urgent problem for polymer chemistry. This task is complicated by another urgent requirement. modernity — ecological purity of flame retardant additives — flame retardants.

Flame retardants prevent polymer materials from burning and are among the most important components of plastics. When polymer materials are burned inside and out, complex physical and chemical processes take place on the surface of the condensed phase, as a result of which the polymer turns into heated to high temperature combustion products.

The protective effect of flame retardants is determined by:
1. low melting point with the formation of a dense film, blocking the access of oxygen to the material;
2. decomposition of flame retardants when heated with the release of inert gases or vapors that prevent the ignition of gaseous products of the decomposition of the protective material;
3. absorption of a large amount of heat for melting, vaporization and dissociation of flame retardants, which protects the impregnated materials from heating up to the temperature of their decomposition;
4. increased formation of carbon from impregnated materials during their heat treatment decomposition due to the acids formed.

As part of a fire protection box, elements of flame extinguishing action and elements affecting the course of polymer pyrolysis are present at the same time.

Additives to inhibit reactions in the flame can be different:
1. halogenated organic compounds — the most commonly used additives.
   There can be three types:
   • with an aliphatic structure;
   • with an aromatic structure;
   • with a cycloaliphatic structure;
2. metal compounds — salts, oxides, hydroxides and organic derivatives of metals;
3. phosphorus and its compounds;
4. metal and halogenated flame retardants;
5. phosphorus and halogenated flame retardants;
6. bromine and sulfur-containing flame retardants — sulfides, sulfamides, sulfonated metals;
7. fire protection systems containing phosphorus and nitrogen;
8. nanocomposites based on organoclays;

When choosing fire retardants, it is necessary to take into account not only its fire-extinguishing qualities, but also compliance with Directive 2002/95 / EC of 23.01.2003, in which the content of Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr + 6, PBDE, PBB in polymers is prohibited.

Polyolefin heat shrink tubing is non-toxic, non-flammable - does not spread fire and does not support combustion, designed to meet strict fire safety requirements and recommended for use in areas requiring a high level of non-flammability. For example, for the first time in Russia, the KVT Plant began to complete the cable bushings with TUK (ng) pipes — non-combustible heat-shrinkable polyolefin pipes with the addition of fire-resistant additives.

So, what if you do not hope for a miracle and do not rely on chance, consider the possibility of installing cable seals precisely with self-extinguishing, non-combustible heat shrinkable components. V In this case, you will not have to knock out the compensation from the insurance company for damage caused by accidental fire or water from a cannon, as a result of the measures taken to extinguish the fire and the firemen cannot be called - the fire will extinguish itself, hitting the surface of the pipes. So, self-extinguishing heat shrink tubing — the best insurance for your peace of mind.