Installation of an electrical panel - electrical diagram, recommendations

Home electrical panel
A home switchboard is probably familiar to everyone. It contains an input switch that allows, if necessary, to turn off the whole house, an electricity meter and fuses (preferably automatic) according to the number of groups of power networks in the house (see figure).
Rules for installation of electrical panels
The electrical panel is mounted on a panel (asbestos-cement or metal) or inside a metal cabinet with a door.

The electrical panel is installed in the house in the immediate vicinity of the entrance and, as far as possible, from the electrical entrance to the house, in a place protected from moisture (in the corridor, entrance hall, etc.), on a wall or other solid structure that is not subjected to impact, away from heat sources at a height of 1.4-1.7 m from a clean floor.

The electrical panel should be easily accessible for repairing the meter and turning on / off the general switch and fuses.

Types and types of electrical panels

On sale there are ready-made switchboards of different designs — both in the form of an open panel and in the form of a cabinet of a certain design and size, with or without a mounted counter, with or without electrical connections.

Rules for installing wires in the switchboard

The wires that connect the switch, the meter and the automatic fuses must be solid, not used. Twists, solders, connectors are not allowed. It is best to use 4 mm solid copper wires for panel mounting. It is desirable that the phase and neutral wires are of different colors, for example: red and blue, blue and black, etc.

The cables connected to the meter do not need to be tightly laid: a reserve in the form of a free loop with a length of at least 120 mm must be left. If the wires have a sheath of the same color, it is necessary to mark them in some way at a length of at least 100 mm before entering the glucometer (put colored tubes, white tubes with inscription, etc.).

As you can see from the diagram, the two wires from the entrance to the house (phase and zero) go first to the common switch, then to the electricity meter, and then the phase wire is fed to a group of fuses (better than automatic ones).