How to install a socket
The cover of an electrical outlet is usually marked with a voltage and amperage, which can withstand this contact. The maximum permissible load of the socket should be no more than 1500 watts. In addition to amperage, outlet life is affected by mechanical stress and impact on the outlet. 1000 to 1500 W the load on the outlet can be in those apartments where there is a fuse designed for a current of 6 A. Therefore, do not include in a separate outlet electrical receivers with a current of more than 10 A. This restriction is necessary due to the presence of other electrical receivers , connected to the residential network. For example, a refrigerator.
You should not put the so-called «bugs» instead of fuses, because this can lead to a lack of reliable protection of the intra-apartment network from drops in the network. And that could lead to her exiting a building.
Do not include electrical appliances rated for more than 1.5 kW in apartments where the circuit breaker is designed for a current of more than 6 A.Usually, such guards are located on common staircase shields and they perform a protective function for several apartments at the same time. Since the total power can "go out of scale" for this indicator, it should be so in this case, be careful not to deprive yourself of electricity, but also neighbors. If the lever of this fuse is in the upper position, the current in There is a network of apartments, if in the lower position, the current does not flow into the apartments.
Plug sockets installed at a distance of 500-1000 mm from the floor. Skirtings — about 300 mm. The skirting boards are always equipped with rotating plates, which, under the action of springs, close the openings of the sockets immediately after removing the plug from the socket.
For safety reasons, the contacts should not be located closer than 500 mm from earthed parts of the apartment. These parts are sink pipes, gas stoves. Sockets are not installed in bathrooms and toilets, although in bathrooms it is possible to use an electrical outlet, driven by a step-down transformer, which is placed in the switch box. In bathrooms, toilets and other areas of high humidity, wiring should normally be hidden. According to building standards for every 6-10 square meters. meters of living space, the rooms are equipped with one outlet. The same norms exist for corridor premises. In a kitchen of any size, two outlets.
Insert and remove the plug in the socket and you need both hands. You must hold the outlet with one hand and insert or remove the plug with the other. If these conditions are not met, the sockets can easily loosen, and at some point you can pull the plug out of the socket together with a fork.In such situations, a simple, labor-intensive screwing of the screws back into the socket that does not require this operation by the contractor is usually ineffective. After a while, the socket again starts to fall out of the socket because the holes made for the screws become larger than the screws themselves and do not can keep the contact of the socket.
There are two ways to reconnect the jack to its designated location on the box. The first is to unscrew the socket and, turning a little, install it on the socket, of course, making new holes for the screws. There are some drawbacks to the method in this. Most importantly, the socket will not be located horizontally relative to the surface of the floor, but slightly turned. The second way is less time-consuming, but probably less reliable. It is necessary to unscrew from the socket screws, put matches of about 8-10 mm in the holes, so that they filled the space between the thread of the screw and the walls of the hole.
Installing the socket on the socket very simple. The screw is unscrewed from the cover contacts, remove the cover, place the base of the contact on the contact so that the sockets lie approximately on the same horizontal line. At the same time, the base must be in the middle position of the socket. With a pencil or the edge of an awl, mark the locations for the screw grooves. The grooves themselves, after which the removal from the outlet is marked with the tip of an awl, nail or drilled with a drill. The drill must be smaller than the diameter of the screw.
Then you need to outline a thread by slightly screwing the screw. Then attach a socket without a cover and tighten the screws again. Then connect the wires to the terminals, screw a socket cover on top.
When the wiring is closed, the sockets are placed in special recesses, which are arranged in boxes without lids. The covers of the sockets during installation cover them with boxes.
Boxes have openings for the entry of wires, which sometimes hold them wall recesses Sometimes the boxes are fixed with mortar. Distance elements, the feet of the rosettes must rest on the oblong prints. This is necessary so that the socket does not pop out when you remove the plug from the sockets. Often there is no stamping, therefore, in order for the socket to stay in place, you need to do a little repair. Cut a piece of rubber sheet 2.5-4 mm thick. a strip 19 cm long or two, each 30-50 mm wide. Then adhere to the side surface of the wall box. The stripes are 20-25 mm wide. This measure will allow you to keep the outlet inside the box, as it will create an obstruction for the spacer legs of the socket. They will rest on rubber bands and stay inside the socket.
You can also create an obstacle for the spacer legs using pieces of wood or mortar that are accidentally caught on the edge of grooves in the wall or placed there on purpose. However, before that, you need to degrease the surface of the box with acetone.
If the mounting box is made of plastic, then these sockets do not need tricks. In these boxes will be the spacer legs of the sockets, more precisely, they will make depressions to stay inside the wall. Standard cans can be replaced, if necessary, with cans of suitable diameter. Best suited for these boxes is steamed or condensed milk from below.Bite off the box with pliers and a screwdriver jagged edges, so that there is no danger of cutting yourself on sharp edges when repairing or installing the outlet. You can take a whole can of condensed milk, scoop out its contents, then cut the jar in half, then you will have two ready-made installation cans. In the resulting blanks, you need to make several holes on the sides of the box (the mounting legs will rest in these socket holes), as well as a hole in the bottom of the box for wires. All these operations produced by the chisel.