Built-in motors and special design

The organic fusion of the electrical and mechanical parts of the machine — the main trend in modern mechanical engineering — leads to the fact that in modern metal-cutting machines, the mechanical and electrical equipment are so closely connected with each other that it is sometimes almost impossible to distinguish where the electrical equipment ends and the mechanical begins. part of the machine.

Flanged motors

For mechanical engineering, a number of electric motors have been created with a special design according to the method of installation, namely: flanged (with shield flange, with bed flange), for vertical and horizontal installations, with flange and legs, built-in and others. The use of flange motors in machine tools in some cases allows the drive to be more compact and perfect.

Flange motors are primarily used to drive work bodies with a vertical axis (vertical drilling, threading, surface grinding and rotary grinding machines, large longitudinal milling machines, etc.).The use of a vertical flange, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the machine spindle, greatly simplifies the design of the machines by eliminating the bevel wheels that serve to change the direction of rotation. By directly connecting the shaft of the electric motor to the spindle of the machine, the simplest and most rational design solution is achieved when using flanged electric motors.

Built-in electric motors

Inline motors, consisting of a stator iron package with a winding, a squirrel-cage rotor, and a fan, have no frame, shields, bearings, and shaft; they are the most perfect form of organic connection between engine and machine tool. The built-in motor is assembled on the machine. A rotor and fan are placed on the machine shaft, while the stator is reinforced in a precisely machined hole in the machine bed and after planting is fixed. It has been established that the highest compactness of the installation is achieved when using built-in motors. The use of built-in motors is particularly convenient and recommended when connecting the motor rotor to the drive mechanism of the machine without intermediate gears.

Gear motors

Reducers are used in almost all areas of industry. Geared motors, by their design, are universal mechanisms that are used when it is necessary to increase or decrease speed, or to increase or decrease power. The reducers consist of a gearbox and an electric motor.Geared motors are particularly good as they allow the desired output shaft location to be used and do not require couplings between the motor and gearbox as in a geared motor the motor is attached directly to the gearbox itself.

The use of motors with a reduction gear makes it possible to significantly simplify and reduce the design of the drive, as well as significantly reduce the costs of its operation and maintenance. Usually, all geared motors are equipped with standard electric motors, which in case of failure can be easily dismantled and replaced. Gear motors are also equipped with low power DC motors.

Electro spindles

On internal grinding machines, processing is carried out in circles of small sizes (the smallest diameter is up to 5 — 7 mm), therefore they use special high-speed asynchronous motors built into the body of the grinding head. The electric motor and the grinding spindle are structurally combined in one unit — the electric spindle. Such built-in electric motors operate at rotational speeds of up to 100,000 rpm and are powered by special induction generators with increased frequency or by static frequency converters. Electrospindles are very important in the operation of the machine, being an integral part of it in high-performance metalworking. Modern machine tools use maintenance-free electric motors as part of the electric spindles.

Electrospindle Faemat type FA 80 HSLB with rotation speed up to 40 rpm.