Domestic power plants

The owners of cottages and country houses are well aware of the importance of a continuous supply of electrical energy. However, outside of the city there are very often widespread power outages, so most want to insure themselves against such outages. In this case, there is one way — the purchase of a mini power plant, which is used for organizing backup power… In addition, domestic power plants can be used as the main source of electrical energy.

Domestic autonomous power plants, first of all, are divided by the type of fuel they work on. The most popular are diesel and gasoline generators. Gas-fired power plants and solar power plants are less common due to their high cost and complex installation.

Domestic gasoline power plants

They are divided according to the type of internal combustion engine - two-stroke and four-stroke. They are the simplest and cheapest during an unexpected power outage. The main advantages are low weight, low noise level and compactness.All these qualities have made gasoline power plants the most profitable and practical solution for the household. Also, such generators are used as mobile sources of electricity to power various power tools, etc. You can often find generators equipped with an electrostatic device, thanks to which automatic switching is carried out.

Diesel power plants, domestic

Most often, they are used when there is no centralized power supply nearby or its power supply leaves much to be desired. They are very popular due to the fact that they provide cheap generated electricity, which is why the installation pays for itself very quickly. Also, the advantages include durability and a large engine resource.

The role of the main engine in domestic diesel power plants is played by internal combustion engines, where the fuel is ignited as a result of air compression - diesels. The energy released when fuel is burned in a diesel engine contributes to mechanical work and heat. On the motor shaft, mechanical work is used to generate electrical energy by an electric current generator.

As a rule, diesel fuel of brands is used for diesel engines: A — arctic, Z — winter, L — summer. "Diesel autonomous household power plants" are used as a reserve, auxiliary or main source of energy, it is also possible to use together with a centralized power supply.

A variety of domestic diesel power plants:

• In terms of protection from the effects of the atmosphere: cover, cabover, body and container.

• By mobility: mobile and stationary.

• By movement: semi-trailer, trailer, car, sliding frame, block transport.

Power plants for domestic gas production

Recently, they have become more and more popular. Gas power plants are an excellent alternative to diesel and gasoline power plants.

They are a structure that converts the energy from burning fuel into electricity. They can be used as the main source of power, as well as a backup, as well as for various purposes, for example, for carrying out construction work or providing electricity to a multi-storey mansion.

Gas-fired power plants include an internal combustion engine and a generator needed to converting mechanical energy into electrical energy… The mechanisms of the power plant, including the generator and the engine, are interconnected by a metal frame, which is the supporting element of the entire device.

Modern household power plants generating gas « can be referred to the economic class of energy equipment, that is, there is a possibility of their use as emergency, permanent or main power source… These devices have an unlimited range of applications — from domestic to industrial. It is possible to implement any mode of operation of the power plant, depending on the required capacity. To have a more complete return, it is better to combine the device: the production of electrical and thermal energy.

When operating gas-fired power plants, bottled liquefied gas or natural gas is used as fuel. Power plants of this type are the most efficient equipment for generating electrical energy in large power ranges (up to 100 MW).Their efficiency reaches 47 percent.

The main advantages are low operating costs, cheap and affordable gas fuel, low gas consumption, optimal gas consumption thanks to an electronic flow control system and increased service life; the operational life is 30% longer compared to diesel and gasoline power plants, easy maintenance.

Household solar power plants

Solar energy occupies a special niche, when applied on an industrial scale, it is important to have the lowest possible damage to the environment. Currently, the use of free and renewable energy from the sun is very widespread. Household autonomous solar power plants, which perform the functions of converting solar energy into electricity, are used as private consumption of solar energy.

Often, such power plants are used as a backup source of energy or together with the central power supply of the house. All residential solar power plants are divided into standby, full-fledged and joint with central and solar power.

The main component of such power plants are solar panels, from which panels (modules) are assembled. Solar panels are photovoltaic cells connected together. You can determine the total capacity of a solar power plant by knowing the number of solar panels and their operation.

The second important structural part of the power plant is storage batteries designed to store the electricity generated by solar cells and provide power when the current from the photovoltaic cells is not supplied (at night).At the output, solar panels provide direct current, while many domestic electricity users run on alternating current. As a result, the third necessary structural element of a solar home power plant is an inverter. An inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current. Also, the device set includes control and switching equipment.

Advantages of using solar power plants: autonomy, mobility, complete ecological safety, lack of noise, durability, compactness.

It is generally accepted that the main vulnerability of residential solar power plants is the dependence of their efficiency on weather, atmospheric influences and geographical latitude. However, this task is quite solvable if the number of solar panels and storage batteries is increased.

In fact, the main obstacle to the wide spread of such power plants in everyday life is the rather large initial investment of financing for their purchase. Of course, all expenses will pay off, but not quickly. In connection with the development of solar energy, however, the cost of the main devices of power plants will fall.